Gravity/Radio Science

This high-resolution image of Jupiter's moon Europa, taken by NASA's Galileo spacecraft camera, shows dark, relatively smooth region at the lower right hand corner of the image which may be a place...

Nitrogen gas is shown being pumped into the sensor head for Europa Clipper’s dust analyzer.

An engineer prepares the ion detector for integration to the SUrface Dust Analyzer (SUDA) sensor head at the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) at the University of Colorado Boulde...

This artist's concept shows a simulated view from the surface of Jupiter's moon Europa. Europa's potentially rough, icy surface, tinged with reddish areas that scientists hope to learn more about, ...

This computer-generated perspective view of the Pwyll impact crater on Jupiter's moon Europa was created using images taken by NASA's Galileo spacecraft.

This view of the icy surface of Jupiter's moon, Europa, is a mosaic of two pictures taken by the Solid State Imaging system on board the Galileo spacecraft during a close flyby of Europa on Feb. 20...

Engineers remove a protective cover from Europa Clipper’s narrow-angle camera.

Engineers inspect Europa Clipper's ultraviolet spectrograph in a cleanroom at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California

Europa Clipper’s surface dust analyzer instrument is unboxed following delivery to JPL in September 2022. 

Jupiter's moon Europa may have an ocean more than twice the size of Earth's oceans combined. Why do scientists think so? Find out in 60 seconds.

Europa Clipper's propulsion module harness is transferred from the bake-out fixture to the propulsion module structure during installation.

Europa Clipper project scientist Robert Pappalardo presents the Monolith Award to Karla Clark.

This high resolution image of the icy crust of Europa reveals a surface crisscrossed by multiple sets of ridges and fractures. 

Europa Clipper engineers use mixed reality (also known as augmented reality, or AR) headsets to examine Europa Clipper’s avionics module assembly in a clean room at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

This image of Jupiter's icy satellite Europa shows surface features such as domes and ridges, as well as a region of disrupted terrain including crustal plates which are thought to have broken apar...

Technicians at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center guide Europa Clipper as a crane hoists the spacecraft on May 28, 2024.

These images obtained by the Solid State Imaging (CCD) system aboard NASA's Galileo spacecraft show the same region of Europa under different lighting conditions.

Engineers prepare Europa Clipper's thermal imager for a series of tests in a clean room at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory following delivery.

Europa Clipper’s thermal imager is shown here in its protective enclosure, viewing the Tempe Campus of Arizona State University during testing on a rooftop lab.

This complex area on the side of Europa which faces away from Jupiter shows several types of features which are formed by disruptions of Europa's icy crust.

This is an engineering model of Europa Clipper’s wide-angle camera, shown at the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory.

Explore Europa and the Europa Clipper spacecraft with an immersive AR experience.

Engineers and technicians move the vault plate into position for installation on NASA's Europa Clipper spacecraft on May 3, 2024.

Engineers work on Europa Clipper's electronics vault.

Hundreds of ridges that cut across each other on Europa indicate multiple episodes of ridge formation either by volcanic or tectonic activity within the ice.